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2. 入门程序

Groupid:com.neuedu

聚合项目(maven)

Spring-mvc-java1(quickstart骨架)

|____springmvc-01-helloword (webapp骨架)

|____springmvc-02-config........... (webapp)

2.1. 创建普通的聚合工程(跟maven没有关系)

2.2. Webapp的骨架(01-helloword)

项目的id: springmvc-01-helloword

实现过程:

  • 创建web项目
  • 添加依赖
    • spring-webmvc
    • spring-test
    • junit
    • jsp依赖
    • servlet依赖
    • jstl依赖
  • 配置前端控制器 DispatcherServlet web.xml
    • 加载spring配置文件 spring-mvc.xml
  • 编写Controller(Handler) 查询数据(模拟) 内部跳转
  • 编写jsp
  • 浏览器测试
  • Tomcat

2.3. 添加pom依赖

xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>spring-framework</artifactId>
        <groupId>org.example</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.neuedu.mvc</groupId>
    <artifactId>p15-springmvc-helloworld</artifactId>
    <packaging>war</packaging>

    <name>p15-springmvc-helloworld Maven Webapp</name>
    <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
    <url>http://www.example.com</url>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.13.2</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.4.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.4.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>jstl</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.1</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>


</project>

2.4. 配置前端控制器

2.4.1. springmvc的配置文件

xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd  ">

</beans>

2.4.2. Web.xml

声明 DispatcherServlet ,并指定spring的配置文件

xml
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
  
  <!--前端控制器-->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

<init-param>
  <!--默认的配置文件的名字applicationContext.xml-->
  <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
  <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>


  </servlet>
  
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  
  
</web-app>

前端控制器加载的spring的IOC配置文件通过contextConfigLocation指定,当没有配置时则默认加载WEB-INF下的 'ServletName'-servlet.xmlDispatcherServlet-servlet.xml

2.5. 配置处理器映射器、处理器适配器、视图解析器

有默认值,可以不配置(入门程序不配)

2.6. 自定义处理器(TestController)

定义一个普通类,有一个方法接受(HttpServletRequest、HTTPResponse)

java
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

/**
 * 项目    : spring-mvc-java1
 * 创建时间 :2020/3/25  14:53 25
 * author  :jshand-root
 * site    :  http://314649444.iteye.com
 * 描述     : 测试控制器
 */
@Controller
public class HelloController {

//     --访问test方法:    http://localhost:8080/springmvc/helloworld
    @RequestMapping("/helloworld")
    public void test(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
        System.out.println("后台Controller执行");

        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
        out.write("success");
        out.flush();
        out.close();

    }
}

2.7. 在类上配置@Controller

2.8. 在方法上配置@RequestMapping

2.9. 在spirng-mvc.Xml中扫描controller包

xml
<!--配置扫描组件-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.neuedu.controler"/>

2.10. 发布tomcat进行测试

测试路径:http://localhost:8080/springmvc/helloworld

Released under the MIT License.